A flight to distant lands takes many hours. In the process, we not only cover great distances, but also cross time zones. In the end, jet lag sets in, and it takes a while for the body to adjust to the time difference. The distance between Germany and Dubai is more than 4,000 kilometers. But what is the time difference between Germany and Dubai? Learn more about the cause of the time difference and the various time zones.
Why are there different time zones?
Dubai is not in the same time zone as Germany, because the United Arab Emirates is in a different time zone. It takes one day for the Earth to complete one rotation on its axis. This is called the Earth’s rotation. At the same time, our planet orbits the Sun. It takes the Earth 365 days to do so.
The sun illuminates only one side of our Earth. As a result, it is daytime on one side of the globe and the dead of night on the other. When the sun is shining in Germany, Australia is fast asleep. Because of these differences in the day-night cycle, clocks are set differently, and a distinction is made between different time zones.
Have there always been different time zones?
People have always used the position of the sun to tell time and set their clocks accordingly. In the past, different times were much more common than they are today, when standardized time zones exist. For example, even within Germany there were differences, and there was both Berlin time and Munich time.
When the first railroads began operating and the telegraph was invented, the different times caused increasing confusion. The Scottish-Canadian engineer Sandford Fleming gave the matter some thought and devised a system of 24 time zones. Greenwich served as the starting point. That is why Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) exists.
In 1893, Emperor Wilhelm II enacted a law stipulating that only one time zone would be in effect in the German Empire. GMT was replaced by Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) in 1972.
How are time zones determined?
The time in Dubai differs from that in Germany. Both destinations are in different time zones. Within a single time zone, the time and date are the same. There are a total of 24 time zones, because, as already discussed, it takes the Earth 24 hours to complete one rotation. For adjacent time zones, the time difference is one hour.
Back to the starting point, Greenwich, a borough of London. The Prime Meridian, the zero degree longitude, runs through Greenwich. These semicircular lines, which extend from the North Pole to the South Pole, are clearly visible on every globe and serve as a guide and reference for experts.
The Earth is a sphere and has 360 of these lines of longitude. Theoretically, each time zone can span 15 degrees of longitude. To prevent there from being too many time zones within individual countries, they have largely been aligned with the respective national borders.
Nevertheless, it is inevitable that some countries have multiple time zones. While the time is always the same in Germany and Dubai, there are ten different time zones in Russia and seven in the United States.
What time zones are there?
There are the following 24 time zones on Earth:
- Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) 0
- Central European Time (CET) + 1 hour
- Eastern European Time (EET) + 2 hours
- East African Time (EAT) + 3 hours
- Gulf Standard Time (GST) + 4 hours
- West Kazakhstan Standard Time (WKST) + 5 hours
- East Kazakhstan Standard Time (EKST) + 6 hours
- Christmas Island Time (CXT) + 7 hours
- China Standard Time (CNST) + 8 hours
- Japan-Korea Standard Time (JST) + 9 hours
- Australia Eastern Standard Time (AEST) + 10 hours
- Vladivostok Time (VLAT) + 11 hours
- International Date Line East (IDLE) + 12 hours
- Niue Time (NUT) – 11 hours
- Hawaii-Aleutian Time (HAST) – 10 hours
- Alaska Standard Time (AKST) – 9 hours
- Pacific Standard Time (PST) – 8 hours
- Mountain Standard Time (MST) – 7 hours
- Central Standard Time (CST) – 6 hours
- Eastern Standard Time (EST) – 5 hours
- Atlantic Standard Time (AST) – 4 hours
- Central Greenland Time (CGT) – 3 hours
- Brazil Eastern Standard Time (BEST) – 2 hours
- Cape Verde Time (CVT) – 1 hour
Dubai World Clock – How Is World Time Calculated?
Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is used in Greenwich. Greenwich serves as the reference point for determining time zones. As you move eastward, one hour is added to UTC. As you move westward, one hour is subtracted from UTC.
To give a specific example: It’s 10 a.m. in London in January. In Berlin, it’s already an hour later. In Istanbul, it’s noon, and in Beijing, it’s early evening. In Australia, people are slowly going to sleep at this time, and in New York, the day is just beginning.
A world time clock has stood on Alexanderplatz in Berlin since 1969. It is cylindrical in shape and displays all 24 time zones. Thanks to the rotating hour ring, the current time for any country can always be displayed. There, you’ll quickly find out how much the time in Dubai differs from that in Germany.
What time is it in Dubai right now?
Now that we’ve covered the basics of time zones and time differences, let’s take a look at the actual time in Dubai. It takes at least six hours to fly to the emirate. Many people think there will be a big time difference at their destination and that it might already be evening in Dubai, even though the flight departed from Munich or Frankfurt early in the morning.
The actual time difference will come as a surprise to many travelers. In Dubai, the time difference from Germany is only three hours. Dubai is in the Gulf Standard Time (GST) time zone. If we look at the table above, the difference from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is four hours. Central European Time (CET) differs by one hour from Greenwich Mean Time, which means that the time in Dubai is currently three hours ahead of German time. The time in Dubai is also often given as UTC+4.
A Direct Comparison of Time Zones: Germany – Dubai
The time difference between Germany and Dubai is therefore smaller than is often assumed. When daylight saving time is in effect in Germany, the time difference is reduced by one hour. In Dubai, the clocks are not adjusted.
The following overview illustrates the time difference between Germany and Dubai during Central European Summer Time.
| Time in Germany | Time in Dubai |
| 12:00 a.m. | 2:00 a.m. |
| 1:00 a.m. | 3:00 a.m. |
| 2:00 a.m. | 4:00 a.m. |
| 3:00 a.m. | 5:00 a.m. |
| 4:00 a.m. | 6:00 a.m. |
| 5:00 a.m. | 7:00 a.m. |
| 6:00 a.m. | 8:00 a.m. |
| 7:00 a.m. | 9:00 a.m. |
| 8:00 a.m. | 10:00 a.m. |
| 9:00 a.m. | 11:00 a.m. |
| 10:00 a.m. | 12:00 p.m. |
| 11:00 a.m. | 1:00 p.m. |
| 12:00 p.m. | 2:00 p.m. |
| 1:00 p.m. | 3:00 p.m. |
| 2:00 p.m. | 4:00 p.m. |
| 3:00 p.m. | 5:00 p.m. |
| 4:00 p.m. | 6:00 p.m. |
| 5:00 p.m. | 7:00 p.m. |
| 6:00 p.m. | 8:00 p.m. |
| 7:00 p.m. | 9:00 p.m. |
| 8:00 p.m. | 10:00 p.m. |
| 9:00 p.m. | 11:00 p.m. |
| 10:00 p.m. | 12:00 a.m. |
| 11:00 p.m. | 1:00 a.m. |
| 12:00 a.m. | 2:00 a.m. |
Why do we change the clocks?
Dubai has decided not to observe daylight saving time. As a result, the time difference between the United Arab Emirates and Germany is reduced by one hour during daylight saving time.
In Germany, clocks have been set forward one hour since 1980, when daylight saving time began. The introduction of daylight saving time is linked to the oil crisis. In the early 1970s, the country suddenly faced an energy crisis. Changing the clocks is intended to help conserve energy. The basic idea behind it is simple: When the clocks are set forward, the lights are turned on an hour later than usual in the evening.
The time change has now also drawn criticism. For example, when the weather is cooler in the early morning hours, the time change leads to a significant increase in heating costs. Adjusting the clocks involves a fair amount of logistical effort. For example, bus and train schedules must be adjusted. Not everyone copes easily with the change in their circadian rhythm, which results in additional costs for the healthcare system.
What alternatives are there to the daylight saving time change?
There is no daylight saving time in the United Arab Emirates. In Iceland, Turkey, and Russia, too, no one changes their clocks. In Germany, as well, there are discussions about eliminating the time change.
Possible alternatives to daylight saving time would be:
- Completely Abolish Daylight Saving Time: Completely abolishing daylight saving time would mean that Germany would once again have a fixed time year-round. This would require deciding whether to adopt summer time or standard time. If a permanent switch to daylight saving time were adopted, the time difference with the UAE would be only two hours, as shown in the table.
- Keep Daylight Saving Time: If daylight saving time were to remain in effect, it would stay light longer in the summer, and energy could be saved. On the other hand, it would stay dark longer during the winter months, and energy costs would rise accordingly.
- Keep Daylight Saving Time: Keeping Daylight Saving Time would mean that it gets light earlier in the morning, and that is where the potential for energy savings lies. In the evening, it would get dark earlier as a result, and the lights would have to be turned on sooner.
- Handling the time change on a regional basis: Adopting a regional time change would mean that daylight saving time would be in effect permanently in one part of Germany, while standard time would be maintained in other regions. This would effectively create two time zones in Germany, which would lead to organizational and logistical problems.
- Adjusting work hours: It is also conceivable that the time change could be eliminated, with work hours instead being made more flexible. For example, work could start later in the summer, and businesses could start work earlier in the winter.
Dubai Time – Time Differences Around the World
The time difference between Dubai and Germany is actually quite small: three hours during standard time and two hours during daylight saving time.
The following overview shows that there are significant differences between the various destinations around the world:
- Time difference between Dubai and Hong Kong = +4 hours
- Time difference between Dubai and Tokyo = +5 hours
- Time difference between Dubai and Sydney = +6 hours
- Time difference between Dubai and London = -3 hours
- Time difference between Dubai and New York = -8 hours
- Time difference between Dubai and Mexico City = -10 hours
- Time difference between Dubai and Los Angeles = -11 hours
For frequent travelers – additional time zone changes
The time difference isn’t just an issue when traveling to Dubai. Anyone traveling to the U.S. may encounter six different time zones there and must be prepared for much greater time differences than on a flight to Dubai.
Eastern Standard Time (EST) -5 UTC/6 hours behind Germany:
- Miami
- Atlanta
- New York
- Boston
Central Standard Time (CST) -6 UTC/7 hours behind Germany:
- Dallas
- Chicago
- Memphis
- Houston
Mountain Standard Time (MST) -7 UTC/8 hours behind Germany:
- Salt Lake City
- Denver
Pacific Standard Time (PST) -8 UTC/9 hours behind Germany:
- San Francisco
- Seattle
- Las Vegas
- Los Angeles
- Alaska Standard Time (PST) -10 UTC / 11 hours behind Germany
- Hawaiian Standard Time (HST) – 11 UTC/12 hours behind Germany
There are other countries that have a very small time difference from Germany or where the time is currently exactly the same:
No time difference from Germany:
- Egypt
- South Africa
- Malta
- Lesotho
A one-hour time difference from Germany:
- Bulgaria
- Greece
- Ireland
- Kenya
A two-hour time difference from Germany:
- Gambia
- Morocco
Traveling to Dubai Without Jet Lag—Here’s How
After a long flight, we often feel completely wiped out. Our vacation is overshadowed by fatigue and a lack of enthusiasm. Our bodies clearly have a hard time adjusting to the new time zone and getting back into their usual rhythm. Our circadian rhythm is disrupted—welcome to jet lag.
Why do people get jet lag?
Even though the time difference in Dubai is only a few hours, vacationers have a long flight behind them. After a long-haul flight across several time zones, jet lag is almost inevitable. Even a time difference of just two to three hours can throw the body’s circadian rhythm off balance. Some people can switch into vacation mode right away, while others struggle for days to get back on track.
The severity of jet lag is influenced by the following factors:
- Number of time zones: The severity of jet lag can depend on the number of time zones crossed. The time difference between Germany and Dubai is relatively small, at a maximum of three hours. When the difference is six to eight hours or more, the body has a much harder time adjusting. Jet lag can last for days or even weeks.
- Flight direction: If the flight is headed east—as is the case with flights to Dubai—jet lag symptoms are often more severe. Since the length of the day decreases, the body’s internal clock is more affected than when we “gain” time on westbound flights.
- Travel Speed: People who travel by plane, covering thousands of kilometers and crossing several time zones in just a few hours, will suffer more from jet lag than travelers who travel by ship. At a slower travel speed, it is easier for the body to adjust to the new conditions.
How can I tell if I have jet lag?
People experience jet lag in very different ways. However, certain symptoms are frequently reported. Many travelers suffering from jet lag have trouble sleeping. They feel tired but can’t fall asleep or have trouble staying asleep. This is a sign that their internal clock has been thrown off by the long flight and the change in time zone.
During the day, travelers feel completely exhausted. They have a hard time concentrating and completing certain tasks. Many business travelers suffer from this almost regularly.
Jet lag disrupts the body’s natural rhythms. This can also lead to symptoms that very few travelers associate with jet lag. Who would think of a disrupted circadian rhythm when experiencing gastrointestinal problems or headaches? In fact, digestion is closely linked to these bodily functions. The symptoms then arise due to the unfamiliar mealtimes.
Avoiding Jet Lag – The Best Tips
Don’t let jet lag ruin your vacation in Dubai. That’s why it makes sense to get your body ready for your trip to Dubai before the plane even takes off.
The time is different in Dubai now. It’s exactly three hours later—or just two hours later if daylight saving time is in effect in Germany. So how can you trick your body clock? Admittedly, it would be easier if you were planning a flight westward. In that case, you’d simply need to stay awake longer, since the clock is set back. Dubai tourists, on the other hand, have to go to bed three or two hours earlier.
If you adjust your body to the new time zone a few days before your trip, you’ll find it easier to cope with the time difference in Dubai. During the flight, try to sleep through as much of the journey as possible. As a general rule, drink plenty of fluids. The body’s functions are better regulated when there is sufficient fluid. This includes mineral water, tea, or juices. You should avoid alcohol on the plane and during the first few days at your destination.
Once you arrive in Dubai, you should already have set your watch to the local time. That makes it easier to adjust to the new time zone. You probably can’t completely avoid jet lag. That’s why it’s a good idea to get some rest during your first few days in Dubai. Getting some exercise outdoors clears your head and makes it easier to adjust to the new rhythm.
When is the best time to visit Dubai?
In addition to the time, we’re also keeping an eye on the travel time to Dubai. This requires another adjustment. While the time difference is actually quite small, the temperature differences in Dubai are much more extreme.
Dubai has a desert climate. The good news for vacationers: It’s summer all year round in Dubai. There’s no winter, no snow, no one has to freeze, and it doesn’t matter if you forgot your umbrella at home. Summers are very hot, however, and the climate isn’t ideal for a beach vacation or outdoor activities. When planning a trip to Dubai, it’s worth reconsidering your travel dates.
We’ve listed the best months for various outings and activities:
Best Time of Year for Outdoor Activities
If you enjoy spending time outdoors and want to experience a wide variety of activities there, you should set aside the winter months for a trip to Dubai. Winter is peak season in the Persian Gulf. Temperatures are warm, like in summer, but the heat isn’t uncomfortable. Between November and March, temperatures range from about 20 to 27 degrees Celsius.
The winter months are the best time to travel to Dubai to enjoy a long day at the beach. Hikes through the nearby Hatta Mountains or desert safaris can also be part of the itinerary.
Best Time to Visit for Beach Vacationers
In the height of summer, temperatures in Dubai can reach up to 40 degrees Celsius. The Persian Gulf also heats up to about 35 degrees. Summer is not the best time for a beach vacation on the Persian Gulf. People tend to seek relief from the heat in air-conditioned indoor spaces. With temperatures around 25 degrees Celsius, January and February are ideal for a beach vacation in Dubai.
Best Time to Travel for Sightseeing
There are several attractions to discover in Dubai. If you want to visit the landmarks, stroll through the markets, or go on a shopping spree, Dubai is the perfect place to be between December and February. The weather is pleasantly mild, and it hardly ever rains. It can get a bit cooler in the evening, so it’s a good idea to pack a light jacket.
Best Time to Travel for Shopping and Indoor Activities
If you’re not planning a beach vacation and would rather enjoy the amenities of Dubai’s hotels and recreational facilities, you can also schedule your vacation for the summer months. The effects of jet lag may be less noticeable then, because daylight saving time reduces the time difference to two hours. Another advantage is the affordable deals offered by hotels and restaurants during the off-season.
Entering Dubai
Travelers from Germany, Austria, and Switzerland do not need a special visa to visit Dubai. To enter Dubai, you must have a passport that is valid for at least six more months. Children must have a child’s passport.
Tourists are issued a free visitor visa upon entry. This allows them to stay in the United Arab Emirates for up to 90 days. They are not permitted to work during this time. Vacationers under the age of 21 may only enter Dubai if they are accompanied by an adult.
Arriving in Dubai – What You Shouldn’t Miss
Once you arrive in Dubai, you can start planning your vacation itinerary. If you’re struggling with jet lag, you should take a few days to rest, relax on the beach, or go for walks around the city.
One thing you shouldn’t miss in Dubai is a desert safari. You can explore the desert by jeep or on camels. If you want to get to know the authentic Dubai, don’t miss the traditional souks. The bazaars and markets bring Arabian flair to life. Gold, fabrics, and spices change hands. The beaches along the Persian Gulf are a popular attraction. It’s not just water lovers who are in their element here. Dubai’s skyline, featuring the Burj al Arab, the Burj Khalifa, and other spectacular structures, is a striking sight that will leave a lasting impression on vacationers in the Gulf.
Photo credit: Depositphotos.com – philipus (Anna Opoleva)
